Ruling force

Formation and work of parliamentary coalition on the basis of ruling majority: world practice and Ukrainian realities

All world parliaments work for the increase of efficiency of legislative process, strengthening of influence of parliaments on political life of society. The essence of one problem that appears is to build the structure of relations between the representatives of different parties so that coalition could be formed not between separate individuals and political groups, but on the whole with majority. Close co-operation (dialog) of political groups within the limits of coalition is the important factor of the fruitful functioning of parliament. In most parliamentary organs regulation sets the limits of plenary powers of factions or coalitions of majority and contains methods of defence and corresponding plenary powers of factions of minority.

France
 
There are two working structures in the French parliament: political groups, created mostly on the basis of political parties, and standing committees. There should be 20 members in the parliamentary group for the National assemblies.

Germany

When the final results of elections to Bundestag are declared, every party approximately knows how many places it got, and consequently, how big their parliamentary group will be. Parliamentary groups gather together in Bonn during the first few days after elections in order to analyse results and discuss issues of their internal organization.

Italy

Political parties in Italy do not have legal status. At institutional and parliamentary level their influence is provided due to parliamentary groups, whose existence is acknowledged by the Constitution to a certain extent. Every senator and deputy belongs to one of them (according to regulations of the Senate and the Chamber of deputies).

Poland

Deputies can on bases set up by regulations of Seym create deputy clubs, circles and groups. In accordance with regulations deputy clubs and groups are the associations built on political principle (more often they unite the deputies of one party belonging).

Ukraine

On March, 16, 2006 the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 4th convocation ratified a new Regulation, concerted with the amendments to the Constitution, brought in on December, 8, 2004. Regulation standardizes the order of formation of deputy factions (articles 57–60) and order of creation, functioning and changes of coalition of deputy factions (articles 61–67).